One of the significant threats to infrastructure is erosion. Erosion, in simple terms, …

Concrete refers to a composite material that is essentially composed of elements such as cement, aggregates ( such as sand and gravel) joined together by water. The mixing proportions of the materials determine the strength and quality of the concrete. Concrete is a requisite component of the construction process, therefore, it is important to subject it…

Over the past years, news updates have been filled with stories of buildings collapsing in different parts of Nigeria at an alarming rate.  Structures which were once standing tall, have been reduced to rubble and ruins. These incidents have raised serious concerns over the safety of residents and homeowners. According to the Nigerian Building and Road…

The construction of certain structures might require excavation below the water table. When this occurs, it is important to control the groundwater, which could affect the construction project. It is important to control the water in order to complete the project and ensure safer working conditions. Groundwater control refers to the process used to control and…